1. Evans, Jocelyn J., and Kyrsten B. York. “How the Mall Means: An Analysis of the National Mall as a Cohesively Built Environment.” Perspectives on Political Science3 (2013): 117-130. Print.

When the Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial was built, which took place on August 28, 2011, was also the same day of the forty eighth anniversary of the March on Washington of 1963. The Memorial in Atlanta, Georgia, gives information on Martin’s leadership through his letters, speeches, and writings, even sculptures on display there. It shows his struggle as an African American man fighting for what he believed was right. His statue also shows this role in African Americans civil rights. According to the National Parks Service, “the site expresses through solid granite the cementation of MLK’s leadership “in the tapestry of the American experience. Its also known to be an expression of love and tolerance. In Atlanta and mostly likely everywhere, MLK is a symbol and is recognized worldwide of the journey he went through to fight for civil rights for people everywhere.

 

 

2. “The First Lincoln Memorial – Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service).” National Park Service. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Feb. 2016.

Built where many believe the Lincoln cabin originally stood, the Memorial Building at Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historical Park was constructed between 1909 and 1911 in an effort by the Lincoln Farm Association to commemorate the life and accomplishments of the sixteenth President of the United States and to protect his “birth cabin.” The Pope’s design of the building included many symbols related to Abraham Lincoln, including fifty-six steps leading up to the building to represent the fifty-six years of Lincoln’s life. Sixteen windows in the building and sixteen rosettes on the interior ceiling are there to remind visitors that Lincoln was the sixteenth president. In 1906 the Lincoln Farm Association began a fund raising campaign for the project in which over 100,000 Americans donated nearly $350,000. The Norcross Brothers Construction Company of Worcester, Massachusetts won the contract for constructing the Memorial Building in 1907 with a bid of $237,101 and construction began on February 12, 1909, the centennial of Abraham Lincoln’s birth, with the laying of the cornerstone by President Theodore Roosevelt.Today the Memorial Building continues to fulfill its mission by housing and protecting the symbolic birth cabin of Abraham Lincoln, the sixteenth President of the United States. Over 200,000 people a year come to Lincoln’s birthplace to view the Memorial Building and the symbolic birth cabin contained within.

 

 

3. “The Jefferson Memorial | Washington.org.” org – Official Tourism Site of Washington DC. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Feb. 2016.

The dome-shaped Jefferson Memorial is an iconic American structure. It also mirrors the University of Virginia rotunda, a structure designed by Jefferson himself. The memorial is located in West Potomac Park on the shore of the Potomac River Tidal Basin, at the southern end of the National Mall. The interior of the memorial contains a 19-foot statue of Thomas Jefferson, and excerpts from the Declaration of Independence, which he authored, can be found on the southwest interior wall. The memorial is noted for its circular marble steps, portico, a circular colonnade of Ionic order columns and a shallow dome. The National Park Service estimates that more than two million people visit the Jefferson Memorial each year. The memorial honors third president of the United States, Thomas Jefferson, one of America’s Founding Fathers as well as the drafter of the Declaration of Independence and adviser to the Constitution. The interior of the Memorial, are five quotations taken from Jefferson’s writings that illustrate the principles to which he dedicated his life. Thomas Jefferson was, without a doubt, one of America’s most eclectic Presidents, wearing the hats of a writer, architect, political philosopher, scientist, and inventor, the Revolution, and America’s formative years might not have been possible without his guidance. Much later President John F. Kennedy was right when he told a group of Nobel Prize winners in 1962 that they were the most extraordinary collection of talent and knowledge that had ever dined at the White House, “except Thomas Jefferson, when he dined alone.” The Jefferson Memorial, with its wise quotes from the President, almost perfect symmetry, and classical beauty, truly immortalizes the 3rd President, and has served too many, since 1939, as a guide for what he might do when faced with any given situation.

 

I chose these sources because they talk about how monuments affect the people around them and also their surrounds. Which also has to do with my built environment description

 

4. “Some movements within modern architecture particularly emphasize theimportance of matching buildings to their surroundings.” Practicing such “Contextual architecture” is highly challenging and typically notsomething the future inhabitants of a building are well equipped forparticipating in. This article is a new vision to design an important building in suchsensitive places, for example, designing a museum in a historical context. It shows concepts and definition of museums and contextualism, and answers the main question proposed in this paper: “How can we design ahuge and important building such as a museum in historical context whilerespecting its importance and at the same time avoiding the deterioration ofthis historical place?” And based on answering the sub following questions too: What is the museum concept? What are the activities and functions of this prototype? What is the museum form and morphology? What are the types ofcontextual design? What are the strategies of contextual design? This part ends with electing some criteria that will be used as basis for the practical part. It can be an ideal strategy for designing a museum in historical context.

Farahat, Baher I., and Khaled A. Osman. “Toward a New Vision to Design a Museum in Historical Places.” HBRC Journal, January 10, 2016. doi:10.1016/j.hbrcj.2016.01.004.

 

5. Act Two: A Look at Birmingham, Alabama’s Historic Theaters: The Alabama

Home to what was the world’s largest Mickey Mouse Club and acts featuring theMarx Brothers and May West, a few Birmingham, Alabama theaters take centerstage in preserving and archiving the city’s complicated history from the early 20th century through the Civil Rights movement. The building was constructed in 1927 by Paramount Studios, the Alabama Theatre was built as a classic movie palace characterized by its opulent architecture influence by Art Deco designs of the time.The Alabama, located in Birmingham’s historic theater district, was primarily used as a movie house and soon became known as the home to the largest Mickey Mouse Club in the world. Though it was named to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979, by 1987 the owners had declared bankruptcy, and it was purchased by the nonprofit Birmingham Landmarks Inc. The Alabama underwent a major renovation and restoration that was completed by the late ‘90s during which some of the seats, carpets, and drapes were cleaned or replaced. While the building still requires extensive maintenance including a new roof, a new boiler, and an updated air conditioning system, The Alabama is flourishing showing classic films and renting space for weddings, graduation ceremonies, and dance recitals.

Act Two: A Look at Birmingham, Alabama’s Historic Theaters | National Trust for Historic Preservation.” Accessed February 26, 2016. https://savingplaces.org/stories/act-two-a-look-at-birmingham-alabamas-historic-theaters.

 

6. Storied architectural gems like the Alhambra in Spain and Egypt’s Temple of Kharnak heavily influenced the building’s elaborate and intensely ornate design. Bursting with soaring domes, minarets and sweeping archways, the exterior ofthe building gave way to stunning gold leaf details, sumptuous textiles and exquisite trompe l’oeil art inside. Ultimately, the design was so fantastical, it became more of a financial burdenthan the Shriners could bear.Shortly before its completion, the Shriners leased their beautiful auditorium to William Fox, a movie mogul who had launched his empire by building theatresacross the country to meet America’s insatiable affection for the new movingpictures that were sweeping the nation.

 

By the end of the 1920s, these “Movie palaces” were a part of nearly every community in the country, each one more gilded andexquisite than the next. Developers like Fox spared no expense, understanding all too well that thesemovie palaces were the gateway to a brave new world, transporting eageraudiences to exotic, elegant settings they could only imagine. With Fox’s financial backing, the 250,000 square foot Fox Theatre wascompleted, with the crowning addition of “Mighty Mo“, the 3,622-pipe Möllerorgan that remains the largest Möller theatre organ in the world even today. The Fox opened on Christmas Day in 1929 to a sold-out crowd, premieringSteamboat Willie, Disney’s first cartoon starring Mickey Mouse.

 

“The Fox Story.” The Fox Theatre. Accessed February 26, 2016. http://foxtheatre.org/the-fox-story/.

 

7.

“The Pros and Cons of City Schools & What It’s Like to Go to One.” Her Campus. Accessed April 27, 2016. http://www.hercampus.com/high-school/pros-and-cons-city-schools-what-its-go-one.

Unlike a rural campus, not every city school has a common green quad for students to hang out and relax on after class. Some collegiettes, however, enjoy the best of both worlds, with lush campuses resting right in the heart of a vibrant city. On the other hand, there’s never a dull moment when you’re living in a city and there’s always something to see and do. You can explore the High Museum of Art or shop at Atlantic Station. In Atlanta you can explore the history throughout the city and you can also catch a Braves game. No matter what city you’re in, the hustle and bustle will keep you busy and entertained, with shops, restaurants to try, and events to witness.You’re never alone when you’re in a city. Right outside campus are “real world” people, working and living their lives without the concerns of midterms and final papers. That being said, there are so many opportunities to meet new people, get your name out there, and find jobs and internships. When summer break finally hits, several collegiettes find themselves moving to the big cities for internships. But when you’re living in a city during the school year, you’re a step ahead of the game. But living in a city is like real life, where dining dollars and swiping your card for unlimited food at the campus cafeteria don’t necessarily exist. You have to learn to take control and be responsible with your money. While my parents would definitely beg to differ, I like to think that I have a general understanding of budgeting my money. After spending almost one years in Atlanta. I know that I’ll be able to spend my money more wisely after graduation than my friends who don’t live in a city (or at least I like to think so).

8.

“College Prep: 4 Reasons To Pick A City School.” The Huffington Post, 54:29 500. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/12/04/college-prep-the-pros-and_n_1128353.html.