Inertia, memory, and cognizance

 

A B/W photo of a memorial altar, with flowers and three photos of "disappeared" photos. A draped cloth says "nunca mas" below the flowers.

I walked out of an exhibit room from where our group was, letting our guide Matias know that I’d be finding some place outside to sit and write my thoughts out. I nod through the kind-intentioned but ever-frequent “mire, este habla castellano” remark as I head through the doorway. The individual conversations of our group echo in cacophony as if to punctuate the dramatic shifts in sunlight and artwork that cover bare concrete walls.

The sun hits my face and I instinctually cover my eyes, realizing I’d look like a total jackass if anyone had been around to see it — I’d been wearing my cap backwards. I shift it to the front, and walk along the stamped-grass paths toward the asphalt road we came in on.

There’s a silence you would expect from this place if the only sense you could rely on was sight: the Sierras watch solemnly over these brushy, golden hills and plains as wispy cirrus clouds form overhead. The trees sway with the wind, and if you squinted your eyes, you could convince yourself you were at a dated summer camp.

The environment alludes to this place’s wrongness in a haunting duet with our guides. The rush of cars and trucks on the local highway joins with the screeches of flocks of loros, who make their homes in the “tall, but not tall enough” pine trees that line the road. The noise out here isn’t as comforting as I had hoped it would be, but I continue walking underneath the shade.

An image of a white wall on an Argentine building, with black and blue spraypainted artwork that reads: siempre llegamos a donde nos esperan". The artwork is recent, but faded.

“We always come to where you expect us.”

I walked over to a smaller, closed-looking building near where we began the tour and noticed this painting — which we saw only a few days ago at the D2 by Plaza San Martin. I think I find it particularly striking because it’s one of the only instances we’ve seen portrayed so far of a reunion between someone desaparecide and their grandmother, but it’s only a painting.

Genocide is not forgiving. It is not a narrative-based phenomenon which follows a series of events that eventually allow for people to grieve and move on. Genocide begets maximum violence, and is disgusted by mercy. It demands inhumanity, and punishes those who still regard their captives as human.

Genocide is a machine that thrives off of a kind of “cultural inertia” — relying upon the frequency and scope of inhumane acts to simultaneously propel itself and define the world around itself. Anything that is not moving with similar speed and weight will be catastrophically consumed by the forces of genocide.

Genocide cultivates a society whose everyday implements are so closely aligned against its victims, that the nation’s systems and the methods of genocide cannot be differentiated. I read a sign at La Perla that said that “the dictatorship left, but its systems stayed”, and it makes me think of Atlanta. What’s the difference between living under slavery and living under Jim Crow if you’re a Black American in the South? If the “new” machine still targets the same exact victims, but gives its implements new euphemistic descriptors, how could we ever believe it to be different?

Gobodo-Madikizela (2008) speaks to to importance of incorporating the experiences of survivors into the dialogue of “what is to be done” following the events of genocide, particularly in South Africa. Without them, we cannot truly believe to serve their real interests — which, are to fundamentally to be heard and protected.

Crimes against humanity hide themselves in language as often the first, and most effective, way of creating cultural distance between victims and those who are not directly targeted. This semantic process encourages devils-advocates, cyclical and unproductive ontological analysis, and whitewashing to produce generations not only numb to, but disregarding of inhumanity. It creates citizens who are complacent so long as the violence ensures them luxury and comfort. It places the burden on the victim to cruelly and endlessly relive their traumas, to maintain a credibility that they never asked for. It creates networks of “sleeper-agent” sympathizers, who ordinarily believe themselves to be against such crimes yet would be inclined to commit them themselves given the opportunity.

I asked the universe, God, my ancestors — whoever would listen to me before I came here — to help me learn how to recognize when time is up, and to know the actions to take going forward.

Today taught me that time is up. I look to our elders to learn more, and to be ready.

CHALTV MAY KOM PU CHE KA MARICHIWEU

Monuments in Argentina

It is believed that upwards of 30,000 people were disappeared during the dirty war. Many of the disappeared were women who held very active roles in the human rights movement in Argentina. Parents who disappeared left behind children who were sometimes taken in by relatives, detained by the government, or put up for adoption. People who were disappeared have not been forgotten. Their memories have lived on through their friends and families. Just months after the war, memorials were created in their honor. At first, there were silhouettes, meant to represent the lives that had been lost. These soon became personalized when relatives wrote their family members’ names. The mothers who had lost children gathered in Buenos Aires while wearing white bandanas in honor of their children. This tradition has stood the test of time as the mothers still gather in their white bandanas today. During Fernando’s presentation, he showed images of memorials in Argentina, including pictures and the namelost people. He also took some time to show various monuments in America, many of which seemed impersonal. I think that America should take note of the actions and memorials put into place in Argentina and include more photos and allow friends and family members to be involved in honoring the memory of their loved ones. I believe that by making monuments and memorials feel more human we allow other victims and the loved ones of the lost to work through their trauma. This was discussed in ‘Trauma, forgiveness, and the witnessing dance: making public spaces intimate’, the author argues that forgiveness begins with trauma. In this context, I believe that it means that we cannot truly mourn as a society until we face our trauma and heal our wounds.

 

individualistic vs collectivistic

After visiting the home of Laura I saw how important family was to all of them. The hospitality was very nice and they all seemed to be very nice and happy to have us. I enjoyed spending time in an environment that felt light and full or happiness. After seeing Laura’s family it made me realize how individualistic Americans are rather than being more collectivistic. Meaning that Americans worry more about themselves and their own self goals. Rather than worrying about the foundation of the family and making sure their children do not leave home until they are set to. Many people in the group no longer stays with their parents but has started to build a life fr themselves. While many people like Laura’s kids still stay in the home until they either get married or have children. Family time seems to be a strong aspect in Argentina. You can expect longer dinners without cellphones or distractions. Americans can see this and try to spend more time with their families without distractions and outside issues interrupting.

Los caruchines

Yesterday we visted  Los carichines which is a place that helps children that do not have all of rescources they need. This place was abandoned and overrun with greenery. After a while of standing strong, and serving meals out front they finally got the keys so they could help a larger number of children.  They also help children that are in bad homes, or not getting the love that they need. After talking with Mikayla, and David it was eye opening how things in aregentina was affected by destruction that has happened over the last decade. Overall I believe Americans can take away the use of unity and recognize that sometimes it is better to do for others than only for yourself.

Los carichines

  1. Yesterday we visted  Los carichines which is a place that helps children that do not have all of rescources they need. This place was abandoned and overrun with greenery. After a while of standing strong, and serving meals out front they finally got the keys so they could help a larger number of children.  They also help children that are in bad homes, or not getting the love that they need. After talking with Mikayla, and David it was eye opening how things in aregentina was affected by destruction that has happened over the last decade. Overall I believe Americans can take away the use of unity and recognize that sometimes it is better to do for others than only for yourself.

The new Inca

“Wingka”

proviene del idioma mapuche de las palabres we- (nuevo) ingka (Inca), significa que una cosa/persona está relacionada a los conquistadores españoles 
An image of the Plaza San Martin in Cordoba, showing the tops of the historic sulfur-colored cathedral and white facade of the government building. Both pierce into a clear blue sky, with swirling cirrus clouds above the spires of the church.

Defensores wingkas

We spent the entire day touring Cordoba (also known as Curdoba in the cordobes accent) — learning about the history of the city through its geography. Maybe asides from Mexico City, this is definitely up there as one of the oldest cities that I’ve been to in the Americas, with almost 500 years of rule since the Catholics arrived in Puelmapu.

There’s that old adage that in Europe Americans marvel at things that don’t really seem that old, and that in the Americas Europeans marvel at distances that don’t really seem that far. Sure, it’s normally used as a stereotype to poke fun at one another, but I think there’s a lot of truth in this.

In the US we’re taught from as young as we can remember that the events that shaped this country so much, like the Revolutionary War and the Civil War, happened so long ago that their realities can be dismissed as “a different time”. I think we’re enculturated to perceive an American century like a millennia anywhere else in the world; that is, that we have been especially led to disregard our relevant near pasts as “too long ago to do anything about”.

This becomes particularly evident here in Argentina, where the only mention of the Indigenous Americans who called Cordoba home is in passing with reference to the name of a university park — and they only referred to them by the slur used to describe them!

According to etimologias.dechile.net the word “comechingones” comes from a word from the Sanaviron language, meaning “cave-dweller”. It is intended as a pejorative.

These original peoples call themselves Henia or Kamiare, depending on the region, and inhabited what is now Cordoba prior to the Iberian incursions by the 1500s. Yet, when we discuss the history of Argentina (much like the US and Chile), the story only begins when white Europeans arrived to “settle” or “civilize”. Even the word settle is political — do we really believe that the Europeans just peacefully “sat down” for a rest in these lands, with rifle and bible in hand?

I did some surface-level research on the Argentine genocide against Indigenous Americas, especially in the last 200 years, through the Desert Campaign of 1833. Headed by Juan Manuel de Rosas, Argentine general and former governor of Buenos Aires, the now-independent Argentine state set out to “divide and conquer” the remaining Indigenous communities of the south.

Indigenous groups who did not accept to be subjugated by Argentina or Chile were designated as enemies, and were to be destroyed by the Argentine military. Targeting Mapuches, Rankulches, and Tehuelches, de Rosas led a deadly extermination campaign to secure the “safety” of Argentina in the face of malones, or raids. This would render the region known now as the Pampas accessible to new waves of European settlers who could support the emerging Argentine state into the new century.

These lands were not “blank slates” of abundant land and resources, nor were they full of complacent nations who accepted to be conquered by the Europeans. The colonizers, whether corporate representatives or subjects of the Southern Cone states, came to places like Cordoba and the Tierra del Fuego to exterminate. Mestizaje, or “mixing”, was an accepted alternate route to the primary: either forcefully remove Indigenous communities to another place, or murder their men, women, and children outright.

Argentinian and Chilean companies, fronted by European immigrants, placed bounties on any Selk’nam person following the Desert Campaign. You could present a pair of Selk’nam hands, a pair of Selk’nam ears, or “a complete skull” and be paid a fee for your services. Both countries were complicit in this genocide, and despite investigation, nobody ever paid for their actions.

Instead, we see a part of a continent that best mirrors a place like Italy or Spain in terms of language, art, architecture, cuisine, and ethnicity. These lands have been whitewashed time and time and time again to hide the bloody bricks upon which their foundations lay. I see my Chilean and Argentine kin arguing over the future of their nations as if they are rightly-guided and deserve saving, and all I can wonder is:

WHERE ARE THE BLACK ARGENTINES? WHERE ARE THE MAPUCHE? WHERE ARE THE TEHUELCHE? WHERE ARE RANKULCHE? WHERE ARE THE HENIA AND KAMIARE? WHERE ARE THE SELK’NAM?

Europeans put our Indigenous ancestors and their kin in human zoos to gawk at, thousands of miles away from their homelands in the Americas. Our ancestors — men, women, machi, children — were murdered without question so that European settlers could have enough room to farm wheat and cows for profit. Our language and culture has been and is forbidden to us, and we have been forced into religious systems that try to convince us that our ancestors were “savages” incapable of reason or knowledge, and thus, were incapable of humanity.

These have been, and will always be, Indigenous homelands.

I dream of reparations, I dream of return, and I dream of justice.

MARICHIWEU

“A thousand times, we will overcome!”