Experiencing the Legacy of Eva Peron

I wasn’t expecting to be touched by the story of Eva Peron — after all, she was a politician’s wife from a different country, one I had absolutely no connection to nor its people. However, hearing her story, her mission, her efforts, and her legacy evoked emotions I didn’t see myself experiencing in the Eva Peron Museum; passion and inspiration. 

Eva Peron — fondly known as Evita by the Peronists of Argentina — was an actress, a social activist, and the former first lady of Argentina. She died of cervical cancer at the young age of 33 and spent the better half of her life working toward the rights of the working class, children, and women’s suffrage in Argentina.

As a person with little prior knowledge about Evita besides the superficial, visiting the Evita Museum was more than enlightening, it provided me a window through which to see Evita in the way the Argentine people viewed her and showed me why they saw her as such. The museum led us through the four main stages of her life — childhood, stardom, first lady, and activist — and the way I saw it, used her fashion as an integral storytelling tool to illustrate the various stages of Evita’s life.

“I was faced with two paths: a concrete paved road, that of a President’s wife, and a forest trail, but with the charm of being the one that brought me in contact with the heart of the Argentine people, who are worth any sacrifice and effort”

When we walked through the first room, a very powerful quote caught my eye before I necessarily even knew anything about her. Her quote spoke to me profoundly and in my mind, painted an image of a woman who wanted to use her position of power to make a difference to her people, even if it might not be an easy path. As we learned as we walked through the museum and heard about her rise to power, Evita’s actions earned her a spot in a favorable light in the eyes of some but to others, she symbolized change — a threat even — to their positions of power. 

 

Evita’s story to me symbolized a very draining yet powerful story I’ve had repeated to me several times through various historical figures who have tried to push the needle. It’s a story of change, loss, and legacy. 

Reclaiming D2

Earlier this week we visited the D2 Detention Center near the Plaza de San Martin. It had formerly operated as a police station prior to the military dictatorship, and a detention center to illegally detain thousands during the dictatorship. The detention center has since been turned into a memorial site to preserve history, and remember those whose lives had been taken away from them by the military dictatorship; whether that be the lives of those who had been disappeared, or the children of the disappeared who have yet to be found. Fernando himself was one of the thousands of kidnapped individuals who had been illegally detained in D2, and was gracious enough to come along and recount his experiences.

Before we even entered the building, Fernando had us stand outside in order to take in our surroundings. We noticed that the center was just outside the plaza, adjacent to the main cathedral, and even visible from the bishop’s home; in other words, D2 was in a very central location in the city where anyone passing by would be able to identify the building. But despite this, we were told that many citizens denied even knowing what was going on in D2 despite it being common knowledge, in fear of speaking out against the military dictatorship.

Not ten steps inside the detention center stood a half-broken wall. We all tried to guess what this might have been, why it was built, and why it was broken down only halfway. After we all threw out our guesses, we were told that this wall was built towards the end of the dictatorship as more survivors began to step forward about their experiences in D2. The wall was built in an attempt to elude any allegations and discredit any survivor who tried to testify. But as more reports began to pour in about the horrible crimes in D2, the wall was broken down to reveal the detention center behind it.

Stepping inside D2 was an extremely somber experience. As Fernando led us through each room in D2, he explained what each room had been used for; one room where detainees were led in when they first arrived, another to hold and “soften them up”, and the bathrooms in the back specifically know as a place where women were commonly taken to be sexually exploited. But as we walked through D2 now, the rooms in which horrible acts of violence had occurred had been dedicated to those who endured the violence. Photos of los desaparecidos filled the walls of D2, and notes and letters from loved ones were left in their honor.

My favorite of these memorial rooms was one where a hundred or so light fixtures hung from the ceiling, but only some had bulbs lit in them and others were empty. The lightbulbs represented each child of los desaparecidos that had been found.

I watched Fernando confidently walk through the rooms of the very building he was detained in, and something about this made me very emotional. I saw moments of him in the D2 library holding banned books and teaching the next generation the history he lived through, and in that moment nothing rang truer than “memoria, verdad, y justica”.

I happened to take one picture by chance on our way out of D2, but it spoke volumes to me after taking a closer look. Fernando is walking out of the detention center, through the broken wall, past a police officer, and into the daylight.

How Does the Fight Continue?

This picture was taken along the walls of the river canal that runs through the city of Cordoba. When I was taking the picture I didn’t immediately know what the phrase translated to, but I recognized some of the words and something told me that the phrase potentially meant something really powerful. Something about the way the phrase itself was written drew my attention; the red paint catches your eye, forcing the reader to listen to what the author has to say. The all caps make the phrase seem less like a phrase but a command, a call to action. The phrase reads: “Ante la violencia patriarcal autodefensa popular votamos luchar”.   

After returning back to the hotel and with the help of Google Translate and Dee, I was able to piece together what the phrase meant. “In the face of patriarchal violence, we must defend ourselves, let’s vote and fight”. 

Knowing what the phrase meant and knowing Argentina’s history with democracy and government, this phrase spoke volumes. It told me that the society sees a problem that needs to be immediately be addressed and the best way the author sees to solve the problem is to democratically elect officials that can solve them. 

The Women of Los Desaparecidos

This photo was taken while we were taking our city of Cordoba tour, just across the street from Iglesia Capuchinos. The photo taken was of a memorial built in honor of the women illegally detained during the “Dirty War”. The memorial currently stands at the site of the old women’s jail. Along with pictures of women, who were detained at the prison are the words Memoria, Verdad, and Justicia (Memory, Truth, and Justice).

A story that was particularly moving to me was one told by Fernando of his sister-in-law named Alba, who at the time was just 15 years old. Both her parents had been kidnapped, and while she neither committed a crime nor had any information that was of value to the government, she was thrown in the women’s jail because they didn’t know where else to put her. She spent six months in jail before her grandparents knew where to find her and came to her rescue. There exists little to no evidence of her detainment and her time in jail.

I’m sure there are many such anecdotes of traumatic events associated with the “Dirty War” and the dictatorship’s human rights abuses. This serves as a reminder as to why it’s all the more important to keep the memory of what happened nearly 50 years ago alive; to ensure that time doesn’t bury what those who’d rather forget are already trying so hard to erase. 

I’d like to think that during her six months in detainment, Iglesia Capuchinos served as a sort of beacon of hope for Alba during a time when it might have seemed like hope was the only thing she had.  

The “Dirty War”, in Juxtaposition

Today, during our tour of Cordoba City, Fernando described Argentina’s journey in dealing with the effects of the dictatorship and their “Dirty War”. He spoke about how the country continues to preserve the memory of the human rights abuses that occurred 70 years ago through artwork, monuments, and museums, in an attempt to prevent those abuses from happening again. But a careful line is constantly being toed between remembrance and normalization. This discussion reminded me of a photo I took yesterday outside of the Municipalidad de Cordoba.

The photo itself is of an artwork installation outside the government building commemorating the Desaparecidos and the individuals who managed to escape the abuses. While it’s not pictured, just outside the frame was a group of teenagers playing music, dancing, and filming themselves. Seeing this made me think about how the different generations might relate to the horrific events of the past, and how that influences them to react in the present. While to most of the older generation, the artwork would’ve evoked a very personal reaction, the younger generation having no intimate knowledge of the events (knowing only what they know through textbooks or anecdotes) tends to be desensitized due to normalization.   

Fernando’s one statement really had an impact on me; no matter what has occurred in the past, for better or worse life moves on.