FAQS

Almost Perfect Scale Revised (APS-R)

Slaney, R. B., Rice, K. G., Mobley, M., Trippi, J., & Ashby, J. S. (2001). The revised Almost Perfect Scale. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 34, 130-145. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481756.2002.12069030

1. Can I have permission to use the Almost Perfect Scale Revised (APS-R)?
   1. There is no permission needed to use or translate the scale. It should be cited properly as shown above. One resource you might want to consider is Kenneth Wang’s website where he has multiple different translated versions of the APS-R: https://www.kennethwang.com/apsr/
2. How do I score the Almost Perfect Scale Revised (APS-R)?
   1. Regardless of how the items are presented, scoring is a simple matter of averaging the 7 items for Standards and 12 items for Discrepancy, or summing them. Kenneth’s Wang’s website provides details on the items: https://www.kennethwang.com/apsr/
3. Can I create groups/classification using the Almost Perfect Scale Revised (APS-R)?
   1. We published a paper (Rice & Ashby, 2007) developing a simple formula for classifying people into groups of perfectionists and non-perfectionists. Since then, much work has gone further into the classification question using latent profile and factor mixture models, and with those approaches, one cutoff or set of classification results may not map onto all samples the same way. Additionally, the connection between the classification and some criterion indicator (e.g., stress, self esteem) is important to consider as well as potential cultural variations.

Short Almost Perfect Scale (SAPS)

Rice, K. G., Richardson, C. M. E., & Tueller, S. (2014). The short form of the Revised Almost Perfect Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 96, 368-379.  https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2013.838172

1. Can I have permission to use the Short Almost Perfect Scale (SAPS)?
   1. There is no permission needed to use or translate the scale, as it is a subset of the APS-R. It should be cited properly as shown above. 
2. How do I score the Short Almost Perfect Scale (SAPS)? 
   1. Average the four item responses for Standards, and the four for Discrepancy, or sum them. Kenneth Wang’s website provides more details on items: https://www.kennethwang.com/apsr/

Other Measure-specific papers:

Rice, K. G., Wang, Q., Wetstone, H., Bulbulia, J., Sibley, C. G., & Davis, D. E. (2024). The even shorter Almost Perfect Scale: Psychometric evaluation and cross-national implications for psychological outcomes. Journal of Personality Assessment. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2024.2310010

Other Relevant papers:

Rice, K. G., & Taber, Z. B. (2019). Measurement invariance and latent profiles of perfectionism in clients and nonclients. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 66(2), 210-223. https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000326  

Rice, K. G., & Richardson, C. M. E. (2014). Classification challenges in perfectionism. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 61, 641-648. https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000040

Rice, K. G., & Ashby, J. S. (2007). An efficient method for classifying perfectionists. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 54, 72-85. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.54.1.72