Gordon-Larsen, Penny, et al. “Inequality in the built environment underlies key health disparities in physical activity and obesity.” Pediatrics 117.2 (2006): 417-424. <http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/117/2/417>.
In this article the authors describe how environmental factors affect physical activity and obesity around the US. They have analyzed the population level and overweight patterns of physical activity. Many statistics of population in different locations helped determine the impact of the environmental factors. Physical activity facilities worked with other systems to acquire the statistical information of PA facilities related to the block-group socioeconomic status, association with overweight and the control of population density. In results, reduction in access to facilities associated with decreased PA and an increase in overweight. The article describes the environmental effect on the population and the adolescents. The outer changes create conflicts around the world that need acknowledgment.
Bijawat, Viresh, et al. “Hand-held hidden object sensor for sensing a location of objects hidden behind a surface of an architectural structure.” U.S. Patent No. 6,211,662. 3 Apr. 2001. < http://www.google.com/patents/US6211662>.
Many architectural structures have more than just an appearance. This article demonstrates on hidden object sensors, which sense beyond what the structure presents. The object senses live wires that are not visible. This new invention helps improve and innovate devices to create more around the world. The device can detect beyond wood, metal, and through walls, it can go deep and detect voltage. The new invention builds creativity and ease for people all around the worlds. People can look at architectural structures beyond just the appearance and see a more meaningful and useful aspect. Architecture has lead to more importance and diversity around the world. Structures are a vital aspect in the development and change. The ability to see a structure deeper that what it show changes the creativity a mind portrays when constructing architectural designs.
Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso. “New therapeutic target for spinal muscular atrophy.” ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 18 February 2016. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/02/160218200226.htm>.
Recently, Laxman Gangwani a professor with a Ph.D, at the Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso is researching how restrictions of a specific enzyme is able to reduce spinal muscular atrophy. Spinal muscular atrophy is a disease relating to muscle degeneration that causes weakness and wasting of muscles. This disease causes difficulty standing, sitting and walking; the disease also lead to fatalities. Professor Gangwani and his colleagues discover that the enzyme JNK3 made an astonishing impact to cure such symptoms for this disease. In an issue of Human Molecular Genetics, Dr. Gangwani and his team of researchers used mice with spinal muscular atrophy to determine the effect of the JNK3 enzyme. Due to genetic mutations that cause the loss of spinal cord motor neurons, which are neurons that aid in control of body movement, causes spinal muscular atrophy. When the neurons regress, it also lowers the ability to control their own movement. The JNK3 in the mice prevented the growth of the disease, which also decreased the loss of motor neurons. Dr. Gangwani concentrated on targeting genetic mutation for muscles that did not work, so he focused on the independent JNK3 enzyme for a therapeutic development. The next plan for the research team at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso is to test pharmacological compounds that prevent JNK3 to determine drugs that slows the development of the disease and the burden of the illness. Finally, Dr. Gangwani and his team believe that the JNK3 is a hopeful development for medicine. This new creation creates changes and development in this world in which helps the world grow stronger and sustainable.
Romain, Hailee. “3-D Printed Ear”, Science World: Current Science. February 24, 2016. Web February 28, 2016. <http://scienceworld.scholastic.com/Biology-News/2016/02/3-d-printed-ear>.
In Winston-Salem, North Carolina many scientists are using an innovative technique called the bioprinter named Integrated Tissue and Organ Printing System. This system prints out living cells, which the scientists are using to build real-life body parts. Researchers use this printer to generate pieces of bones, connective tissue, and muscle in a human ear shape, which is also known as cartilage. They discovered that the bioprinter works like a 3-D printer that prints layers of material into a solid object. The layers are of biodegradable plastic-like material built by tissue. The biodegradable material supply the structure for the tissue so then it could me transplanted. After it is transplanted. The material degenerates and leaves the cells behind so they can maintain the tissues shape during growth. To obtain the nutrients and oxygen to keep the cell alive, the tiny channel of the lattice in the structure allows them to flow through the body to the printed tissue. The flow of the nutrients and oxygen aids the tissue so that it can develop its own system of blood cells and grow. Finding a transplant has become difficult as time passes, so scientists thrive that this new bioprinting technology will help build transplantable tissue for patients who require them. They say that the bioprinter is resourceful because of its ability to print at large scales for human implantation. The printer can also help to make custom-made tissue for people who might just need a part or piece of the body. Dr. Anthony Atala, who is the lead scientist, and his colleagues, strives to advance and study this new bioprinting method. This is an amazing transformative technique that is changing the world and making a difference. The technique can change lives and give inspiration all around the world to succeed. This change in technology brings hopeful advancement and diversity all around the world.