Directions:
1. Read each sentence closely to comprehend its message.
2. In each sentence, find a subject, a verb, and a thought completer.
3. Identify subjects as simple or compound and verbs as simple, compound, or phrase.
4. When finished, hover the cursor over the sentence to check your answers.
“The Elves and the Shoemaker,” by Brothers Grimm (adapted)
There was once a poor shoemaker. He worked very hard and was very honest but still could not earn enough to live upon. At last, all was gone, save just leather enough to make one pair of shoes. He cut his leather out ready to rise early in the morning to his work. His conscience was clear amidst all his troubles. So, he went peaceably to bed, left all his cares to Heaven, and soon fell asleep. In the morning, he said his prayers and sat himself down to his work. To his great wonder, there stood the shoes all ready made, upon the table. The good man knew not what to say or think at such an odd thing happening. He looked at the workmanship. There was not one false stitch in the whole job. All was so neat and true and looked quite a masterpiece.
The same day, a customer came in. The shoes suited him very well and he willingly paid a price higher than usual for them. The poor shoemaker, with the money, bought leather enough to make two pairs more. In the evening, he cut out the work and went to bed early to get up and begin betimes next day. But he was saved all the trouble. The next morning, the work was done ready to his hand. Soon in came buyers and paid him handsomely for his goods. So, he bought leather enough for four pairs more. He cut out the work again overnight and found it done in the morning, as before. It went on for some time. What was got ready in the morning was always done by daybreak. So, the good man became thriving and well off again.
One evening, about Christmas-time, he and his wife were sitting over the fire chatting together. He said to her, “I should like to sit up and watch tonight, that we may see who it is that comes and does my work for me.” The wife liked the thought. They left a light burning, hid themselves in a corner of the room, behind a curtain, and watched. At midnight, there came in two little naked dwarfs and sat themselves upon the shoemaker’s bench, took up all the work, and began to ply with their little fingers, stitching and rapping away very quickly. And on they went long before daybreak and bustled away as quickly as lighting. And as always, the shoes stood ready for use upon the table. The next day the wife said to the shoemaker. “These little wights have made us rich. We ought to be thankful to them and do them a good turn. I am quite sorry to see them run about naked and have nothing upon their backs to keep off the cold. I will make each of them a shirt, and a coat and waistcoat, and a pair of pantaloons into the bargain. And you will make them a little pair of shoes.”
The thought pleased the good cobbler very much. One evening, all the things were ready, and they laid them on the table instead of the work. And then the shoemaker and his wife went and hid themselves to watch the little elves. About midnight in they came, dancing and skipping, hopped round the room, and then went to sit to their work as usual. But then they saw the clothes lying for them. They laughed and chuckled, and seemed mightily delighted. Then they dressed themselves in the twinkling of an eye, and danced and capered and sprang about, as merry as could be. They danced to the door and away over the green. The good couple saw them no more. But everything went well with them from that time forward.
Verb – was (simple)Thought Completer:
was there – Adverbial of Place
(When the sentence begins with “there is/are”, the real subject goes after the verb.)
Verb – worked and was but could not earn (compound verb)
Thought Completers: worked very hard – Adverbial of Mannerwas very honest – Subject Complement could not earn enough – Direct Object
Verb – was gone (verb phrase)
Thought Completers: none
Verb – cut out (verb phrase)
Thought Completers: cut … out his leather – Direct Object
Verb – was (simple)
Thought Completers: was clear – Subject Complement
Verb – went, left, and fell (compound verb)
Thought Completers: went to bed – Adverbial of Place left all his cares – Direct Object fell asleep – Adverbial of Manner
Verb – said and sat down (compound)
Thought Completers: said his prayers – Direct Object sat … down to work – Adverbial of Place
Verb – stood (simple))(When the sentence begins with “there is/are”, the real subject goes after the verb.)
Verb – knew not (verb phrase)
Thought Completers: knew not what to say or think – Direct Object
Verb – looked
Thought Completers: looked at the workmanship – Adverbial of Place
Verb – was not (verb phrase)
(When the sentence begins with “there is/are”, the real subject goes after the verb.)
Verb – was and looked (compound verb)
Thought Completers: was neat and true – Subject Complementlooked quite a masterpiece – Adverbial of Manner
Verb – came (simple)
Thought Completers: came in – Adverb of Place
1st Independent clause
Subject – shoes (simple)
Verb – suited (simple)
Thought Completer: suited him – Indirect Object
2nd Independent clause
Subject – he (simple)
Verb – paid (simple)
Thought Completers: paid a price – Direct Object
Verb – bought (simple)
Thought Completers: bought leather – Direct Object
Verb – cut out and went (compound verb)
Thought Completers: cut out the work – Direct Object went to bed – Adverbial of Place
Verb – was saved (verb phrase)
Thought Completers: was saved all the trouble – Direct Object
Verb – was done (verb phrase)
Thought Completers: was done ready to his hand – Adverbial of Manner
Verb – came and paid (compound verb)
Thought Completers: came in – Adverbial of Place paid him – Indirect Object
Verb – bought (simple)
Thought Completers: bought leather – Direct Object
Verb – cut out and found (compound verb)
Thought Completers: cut out the work – Direct Objectfoud it – Direct Object
Verb – went on (verb phrase)
Thought Completers: went on for some time – Adverbial of Time
Independent clause
Subject – What was got ready in the morning (Noun clause)
Verb – was done Adverbial of Time – by daybreak
Dependent Noun Clause
Subject – what (simple)
Verb -was got
Verb – became (simple)
Thought Completers: became thriving and well off – Subject Complement
Verb – were sitting (verb phrase)
Thought Completers: were sitting over the fire – Adverbial of Place
Verb – liked (simple)
Thought Completers: liked the thought – Direct Object
Verb – left, hid, and watched (compound verb)
Thought Completers: left the light – Direct Objecthid themselves – Iindirect Object
Verb – came, sat, took up, and began (compound)
Thought Completers: came in – Adverbial of Placesat to work – Adverbial of Placetook up all the work – Direct Objectbegan to ply – Direct Object
Verb – went on and bustled away (compound)
Verb – stood (simple)
Verb – said (simple)
Verb – have made (verb phrase)
Verb – ought and do (verb phrase)
Verb – am (simple)
Verb – will make (verb phrase)
Verb – will make (verb phrase)
Verb – pleased (simple)
1st Independent clause
Subject – things (simple)
Verb -were
Verb – went and hid (compound)
Verb – came, hopped, and went (compound)
Verb – saw (simple)
Verb – laughed and chuckled, and seemed (compound)
Verb – dressed and danced and capered and sprang about (compound)
Verb – danced (simple)
Verb – saw (simple)
Verb – went (simple)